![]() SCAP also sought to empower previously marginalized groups that it believed would have a moderating effect on future militarism, legalizing the Communist and Socialist parties and encouraging the formation of labor unions. In addition, SCAP sought to unravel the wartime Japanese police state by breaking up the national police force into small American-style police forces controlled at the local level. Among other reforms, SCAP worked with Japanese leaders to completely disband the Japanese military. In the initial phase of the Occupation, from 1945 to 1946, SCAP had pursued an ambitious program of social and political reform, designed to ensure that Japan would never again be a threat to world peace. The Occupation was commanded by American general Douglas MacArthur, whose office was designated the Supreme Command for the Allied Powers (SCAP). ![]() Japan surrendered to the Allied Powers on August 15, 1945, and officially exchanged instruments of surrender in Tokyo Bay on September 2, after which Japan underwent a U.S.-led military occupation for seven years, until April 28, 1952. Main articles: Military history of Japan and Armed Forces of the Empire of Japan 20th century National Police Reserve, Since 2010, the JSDF has refocused from countering the former Soviet Union to the People's Republic of China, and since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine the JSDF has also considered the Russian Federation a major threat increasing military cooperation with Australia, India, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States has been a priority, as well as acquiring new equipment and hardware. Tensions with North Korea have reignited debate over the status of the JSDF and its relationship to Japanese society. In recent years, the JSDF has engaged in international peacekeeping operations with the United Nations. They are controlled by the Ministry of Defense with the Prime Minister as commander-in-chief. Established in 1954, the JSDF comprises the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, and the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. The Japan Self-Defense Forces ( JSDF) ( Japanese: 自衛隊 Hepburn: Jieitai), also known as the Japanese Armed Forces, are the unified military forces of Japan. ![]()
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